CELL ORGANELLES:
- Cell Membrane- (Plasma) Membrane, phospholipid bi-layer with proteins that determine what enters and exits the cell (SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY)
- Ribosomes- Create proteins, often bound to ER, small structures, many found in a cell, cell's "workbenches"
- Vesicles- To transport materials throughout and out of a cell, membrane-bound sacs that act as "taxis", come from pinching off of ER, or Golgi body, cell membrane
- Lysosomes- Specialized vesicle like structures that contain digestive enzymes, play role in digestion within a cell
- Nucleus- The "control centre of the cell", contains RNA and DNA, controls cellular activities and protein production in the cell (i.e. DNA), contains chromosomes (hereditary information), double membrane
- Chromosomes- Hereditary information containing organelles found in the nucleus, long DNA threads
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- Does not have ribosomes attached, tubules that extend from nucleus, controls lipid synthesis, detoxification of drugs, package proteins
- Mitochondria- The energy producers of the cell, create ATP through cellular respiration by using glucose and oxygen to create usable energy (ATP), double membrane
- Golgi Body- Series of flattened vesicles that modify, package, and help secrete proteins (PROTEIN SYNTHESIS and EXOCYTOSIS)
- Vacuoles- Storage of food, water, ions, etc. membrane-bound sacs that are larger in plant cells but more abundant in animal cells
- Nuclear Envelope- Surrounds the nucleus and contains pores, double membrane, protects nucleus, RNA transport of material and information throughout cell via nuclear pores
- Nucleolus- Found within the nucleus, creates ribosomes, synthesizes RNA
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- Has many ribosomes attached, tubules extending from the nucleus, where ribosomes create many proteins
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